Componentes centrales de la rehabilitación de niños con cáncer cerebral mediante exergames: una revisión de alcance

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33194/rper.2024.36244

Palabras clave:

Niño, Videojuego de Ejercicio, Neoplasias Encefálicas, Rehabilitación

Resumen

Introducción: El cáncer infantil es un fenómeno poco frecuente que provoca cambios en el estado físico que influyen en el desarrollo del niño. Debido a las implicaciones de los tumores cerebrales, es necesario definir, implementar y evaluar intervenciones que minimicen el impacto funcional en los niños, en particular aquellas que utilizan exergames. Con esto en mente, el objetivo de este estudio es mapear la literatura sobre el uso de exergames en la rehabilitación motora de niños en edad escolar con tumores cerebrales.

Metodología: Utilizando la metodología Scoping Review, según el Instituto Joanna Briggs. Dos revisores independientes llevaron a cabo la revisión, que incluyó estudios que incorporaban a niños en edad escolar con tumores cerebrales que utilizaban exergames en programas de rehabilitación motora. La búsqueda se realizó sin límite de tiempo, accediendo a EBSCOHost, Web of Science, Scopus y literatura gris.

Resultados: Se incluyeron tres publicaciones. La intervención osciló entre 8 y 12 semanas, incluyendo de 3 a 5 sesiones por semana, con un tiempo estimado de 30 a 45 minutos por sesión. La plataforma de juego más utilizada fue Nintendo® Wii. Se utilizaron diversos instrumentos de evaluación para obtener datos sobre la forma física, la funcionalidad, la calidad de vida, el estado neuropsicológico y el autoconcepto.

Discusión: Los programas de intervención difieren entre sí, sobre todo en los criterios para su prescripción, la duración y las herramientas de evaluación, así como en las plataformas de juego utilizadas. Los programas se evalúan al principio y al final, y pueden prolongarse hasta 3 meses después de su finalización.

Conclusión: Deberían realizarse más investigaciones para evaluar las características de las intervenciones dirigidas a niños con cáncer, concretamente la frecuencia, la intensidad, el tipo y la duración del ejercicio físico, así como la influencia de los juegos electrónicos de movimiento en la rehabilitación de niños con tumores cerebrales. La escasez de investigaciones sobre este tema justifica la inversión en estudios primarios para aclarar el impacto de la intervención de las enfermeras especializadas en enfermería de rehabilitación en este ámbito. El análisis de las intervenciones que pueden llevar a cabo las enfermeras especializadas en niños con cáncer es un tema emergente, con el fin de promover la toma de decisiones informadas en Enfermería de Rehabilitación, así como para identificar áreas prioritarias de investigación.

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Publicado

2024-11-04

Cómo citar

1.
Dias Ribeiro C, Moreira Barbosa PJ, Marques G, Almeida S, Padilha JM. Componentes centrales de la rehabilitación de niños con cáncer cerebral mediante exergames: una revisión de alcance. Rev Port Enf Reab [Internet]. 4 de noviembre de 2024 [citado 3 de abril de 2025];7(2):e36244. Disponible en: https://rper.pt/article/view/36244