Transition Theory in the functional rehabilitation of people with upper limb impairment: a narrative review

Abstract

Introduction: Changes in upper limb mobility represent a significant limitation in performing activities of daily living and instrumental activities, impacting quality of life and social integration. Afaf Meleis’s Medium-Range Theory of Transitions allows us to frame these changes beyond mere functional deficits, emphasizing the adaptive processes experienced by the individual. In this context, Rehabilitation Nursing uses this framework to guide interventions that promote functionality, self-management, and active involvement in the recovery process.

Objective: To analyze the contribution of Afaf Meleis’s Mid-Range Theory to supporting rehabilitation nursing practice in individuals with upper limb mobility impairments following neurological pathology.

Methodology: A narrative review of the literature was conducted in the CINAHL and MEDLINE databases, including studies from the last five years focusing on the application of Transition Theory in the practice of Rehabilitation Nursing. Methodological quality was assessed using the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles.

Results: This theory allows us to understand the rehabilitation process as a continuous process influenced by personal, contextual, and therapeutic factors. The studies analyzed suggest benefits in terms of functionality, autonomy, self-efficacy, adaptation to the new health condition, and continuity of care, making it applicable in post-stroke rehabilitation, geriatrics, and trauma, thereby reinforcing its usefulness in the rehabilitation of individuals with upper limb impairments.

Conclusion: Transition Theory constitutes a theoretical framework for rehabilitation nursing practice, oriented toward innovative interventions that promote awareness and the involvement of the individual and their family, fostering a healthy transition, reinforcing autonomy, and grounded in evidence-based practice.