Rehabilitation Nursing intervention in the management of the exercise regime of people with cardiac pathology

Abstract

Introduction: Individuals with cardiac pathology usually present associated cardiovascular risk factors, making integration into cardiac rehabilitation programs essential, particularly educational interventions. The rehabilitation nurse plays an enabling role, with core competencies that include the educational component, control of cardiovascular risk factors, and promotion of physical activity.

Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, single-group pre- and post-intervention study was conducted, using a convenience sample. A questionnaire was applied to assess knowledge about cardiovascular risk factors and the level of physical activity. Additionally, the number of steps per week was measured, and functional capacity was evaluated before and after the intervention.

Results: Fifteen participants were included, mostly male and with very high cardiovascular risk, with a mean age of 77 years. After the educational intervention, questionnaires revealed an average increase of five correct answers and an improvement in physical activity levels. Mean gains of 62 meters were observed in the six-minute walk test, along with an average increase of 1,217 steps per week in the post-intervention period.

Discussion: The educational intervention led to improvements in knowledge, functional capacity, and behavioral modification. The rehabilitation nursing specialist has competencies that provide advantages in this type of intervention, which can address multiple areas, with particular emphasis on physical activity.

Conclusion: The implementation of educational programs for individuals with cardiac pathology appears to improve knowledge and positively influence functional capacity and exercise regimen management.